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關於骨折康復的論文

發布時間:2020-04-02 05:19:00

1、有沒有有關骨折(比如說怎麼急救骨折)的英文文章?

Fracture is a description of the way a mineral tends to break. It is different from cleavage and parting which are generally clean flat breaks along specific directions. Fracture occurs in all minerals even ones with cleavage, although a lot of cleavage directions can diminish the appearance of fracture surfaces. Different minerals will break in different ways and leave a surface that can be described in a recognizable way. Is the broken area smooth? Irregular? Jagged? Splintery? These are some of the ways of describing fracture.

Although many minerals break in similar ways, some have a unique fracture and this can be diagnostic.

The most common fracture type is conchoidal. This is a smoothly curved fracture that is familiar to people who have examined broken glass. Sometimes described as a clam-shell fracture. Quartz has this fracture type and almost all specimens that have been broken, demonstrate this fracture type very well.

Another common type is subconchoidal. Similar to conchoidal, just not as curved, but still smooth. Andalusite can show this type.

Uneven is a type that is basically self explanatory. It is a common type that is found in anhydrite.

Unlike uneven, jagged has sharp points or edges that catch on a finger that's rubbed across the surface. Usually this indicates a metal such as copper , a metal alloy or some sulfides or oxides.

Splintery is a fracture type that occurs in fibrous or finely acicular minerals and in minerals that have a relatively stronger structure in one direction than the other two. Chrysotile serpentine is a typical mineral with splintery fracture and kyanite is an example of a non-fibrous mineral that has this fracture.

Earthy is a fracture that proces a texture similar to broken children's clay. It is found in minerals that are generally massive and loosely consolidated such as limonite.

Fracture First Aid: Tips and Technique
Fractures often occur as a result of a fall or a collision. The bones of the arms and legs are particularly vulnerable to breakage, but any bone in the body can be fractured. The type of first aid administered depends upon the kind of fracture and its location in the body. All first aid proceres for fractures include the following steps:

1) If there is bleeding at the fracture site, treat the bleeding before treating the fracture.
2) If excessive blood loss has led to shock, lay the victim down and treat for shock.
3) Do not attempt to straighten an injured limb if it is deformed.
4) Move the uninjured limb as little as possible.
5) If the victim has an open fracture, with a wound on the skin surface, do not bandage tightly over the injury site. Apply a clean dressing gently over any wound.
6) Contact medical personnel as soon as possible.

A dislocation, which is a displacement of the bone at a joint, has many of the same symptoms as a fracture. These symptoms include possible deformity of the limb, pain and numbness immediately surrounding the injured area. If there is uncertainty as to whether the injury is a fracture or a dislocation, always treat for a fracture. See Bleeding: First Aid; First Aid Procere: Shock Treatment.

Arm or Elbow Fracture:

When the lower end of the forearm is fractured, there is often little or no deformity. It is a fairly common fracture and is often mistaken for a sprained wrist. If the fracture is closed, an ice bag and limb elevation may be used to prevent further swelling. Do not let ice come into direct contact with the skin. Use ice for only 10 minutes at a time to avoid tissue damage. In the case of a severe break, do not give the victim food or drink, in case a general anesthetic is needed later.

Hand or Finger Fracture:

Bleeding into tissues that will cause swelling may complicate fractures of the hand and finger. Remove jewelry, especially rings, only if the removal does not aggravate the injury. If the fracture is closed, an ice bag and limb elevation may be used to prevent the swelling. Do not let ice come into direct contact with the skin. Use ice for only 10 minutes at a time to avoid tissue damage.

Hip, Thigh, or Knee Fracture:

Fractures of the hip may be complicated by injury to the organs of the pelvis. Do not move the victim, because there may also be spinal injuries. Do not try to straighten the fractured bone or raise the victim's legs. Do not give the victim food or drink, in case a general anesthetic is needed later. Keep the victim lying down and observe the pulse and breathing. If breathing stops, give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Get medical aid as soon as possible. See Artificial Respiration.

Foot, Ankle, or Toe Fracture:

Fractures of the foot, ankle, and toe are common injuries, often caused by a fall. They are also usually relatively minor, so before treating them, make a check for and treat any more serious injuries. It is often impossible to distinguish between fractures, dislocations, and bad sprains, the obvious sign in all three being pain and swelling. If in doubt, always treat the injury as a fracture. Do not allow the victim to attempt standing on an injured limb. Lay the victim down and get medical assistance. If it is necessary to transport the victim, a stretcher should be used. See Transporting an Injured Person.

Shoulder or Collarbone Fracture:

A fracture of the collarbone is usually caused by a fall on an outstretched hand or a fall on the point of a shoulder. The injury is relatively easy to recognize. The arm on the injured side is partially limp, and a swelling or deformity can be felt or seen over the fracture site. Do not give the victim food or drink as a general anesthetic may be needed later. Incline the victim's head toward the injured side to relieve pain. Move the arm on the fractured side as little as possible.

Spine or Rib Fracture:

A fractured spine is an extremely serious injury. If the victim is incorrectly handled, the spinal cord may be permanently damaged, resulting in paralysis. Symptoms of a fractured spine include severe pain in the back, loss of limb sensation, and loss of limb control. Do not move the victim. Rib fractures can also be very serious. If the ribs have punctured the lungs, the victim will have pain and difficulty breathing and may cough up blood or be in shock. If the ribs have penetrated the skin surface, there may be an open, "sucking" wound. Treat bleeding only if it is severe enough to endanger life. Treat any "sucking" chest wounds immediately with an airtight dressing. If the victim stops breathing, give artificial resuscitation. Get medical aid as soon as possible.

2、祝願骨折的人早日康復的文章

1,你的康復,就是我的幸福;你的安康,就是我的平安。你會好起來的!2,以自然之道,養自然之身。一個人當他渾然忘卻了自己年齡時,才是最健壯的時期。3,天氣變得真快,北風悄悄吹來,出門外套要帶,睡覺記著要蓋,多吃水果青菜,還要記著補鈣,健康永遠相伴!4,想想父母,吃葯不苦;想想親朋,打針不痛;想想心裡的……病就會好啦!祝你早日康復,變得生龍活虎。?5,陽光照耀的地方有我默默的祝福,月光灑向地球的時候有我默默的祈禱,流星劃過的剎那我許個願:祝願正在看簡訊的你遠離病痛!?6,煙少抽點,酒少喝點,牢騷少發點,心態好一點,心情舒暢一點,這樣你的身體就會健康多一點。?7,生病不可怕,只要信念在,康復不是夢,來日展宏圖;把病魔看作挑戰,把信念當作武器。祝早日康復!?8,首先,希望你有漂亮的護士MM照顧;之二,每天都被鮮花和祝福,還有好吃的東東包圍;之三,當然是最重要的一點嘍,希望你早日康復!9,月色濃濃如酒,春色輕輕吹柳,桃花開了許久,不知見到沒有,病毒世間少有,切忌四處亂走,沒事消毒洗手,祝你健康永久!

3、舟骨的舟骨骨折臨床報道(論文)

中醫正骨 2000年第5期第12卷 臨床報道 韓魯寧 王之海 梁順興 張申慶 梁冬煒 梁振興 尹遜菊
韓魯寧(山東省寧陽縣中醫院);王之海(河北省萬全縣醫院);梁順興 張申慶 梁冬煒 梁振興 尹遜菊(山東省肥城市中醫醫院 271600) Colle』s骨折;並發症;腕舟骨骨折;診斷與治療;病例報告
Colle』s骨折同時伴腕舟骨骨折的報道雖然不多,但此種損傷並非少見。自1983~1999年,作者通過對1015例Colle's骨折的嚴格檢查後發現有66例伴不同程度的腕舟骨骨折,現總結報告如下。 1.1 一般資料 本組66例中男41例,女25例;年齡最小23歲,最大68歲,平均37.5歲;左側27例,右側38例,雙側1例。其中腕舟骨結節部骨折3例,腰部骨折60例,近端骨折3例。伴多腕骨骨折並脫位者2例,伴尺骨莖突或橈骨莖突骨折者23例。新鮮骨折57例,其中有移位者18例,無明顯移位者39例;陳舊性骨折9例,有移位者3例,無明顯移位者6例,骨壞死2例,早期1例,晚期1例。
1.2 診斷依據 所有的病例除具有Colle's骨折的特徵外,均有鼻煙窩凹陷消失和壓痛,腕舟骨結節壓痛,第1、2掌骨縱軸叩擊痛及腕關節橈偏背伸活動受限和疼痛。腕關節正側斜位X線片除見有明顯的橈骨遠端骨折外,可見腕舟骨有橫穿對側骨皮質的骨折線。
1.3 治療方法 先整復Colle's骨折,一般腕舟骨骨折能隨之復位,但應注意防止無移位骨折發生移位。若復位不佳,可由助手控制已復位的橈骨遠端,術者一拇指按住鼻煙窩,另一手虎口卡住手背,食指抵住尺骨小頭,拇指置舟骨結節處向尺側擠壓並微微活動一下腕關節,舟骨即可緊密吻合復位。敷貼接骨膏後按照Colle's骨折的固定方法掌側放1塊杉皮板,背側放瓦型紙殼超腕固定於掌屈30°略尺偏位。鼻煙窩不放壓墊。4周後更換簡易法維持2~3周以利患腕做輕微活動。固定解除後用中葯燙洗,進行以握拳活動為主的功能鍛煉。數月內仍應注意避免強力背伸和橈偏活動。按三期原則服用傷科葯。1個月內的陳舊性骨折可重新整復,1個月以上及骨壞死者僅以葯物治療不做特殊處理。
1.4 治療結果 57例新鮮骨折復位優良者55例,間隙稍大者1例,遠端向尺側傾移者1例;9例陳舊性骨折5例位置較好,4例較差(其中3例未予整復),1例骨壞死中斷治療,1例早期壞死治療10個月痊癒。隨訪1~9年,平均2年5個月。隨訪結果陳舊性骨折4例中1例功能恢復較好,3例較差且遇冷、勞累時有酸痛;新鮮骨折32例功能全部恢復正常,均無畸形,無自覺症狀,無1例發生骨壞死。 2.1 診斷問題 Colle's骨者伴腕舟骨骨折臨床並不少見,只是腕舟骨骨折常易被忽略〔1〕。作者對1015例Colle's骨折經精心檢查後發現有66例並發舟骨骨折,約佔6%,應引起注意。提示臨床不要見Colle's骨折就急著治療而漏診腕舟骨骨折。由於兩者癒合速度不同,需要固定的時間長短也不一樣,如果舟骨骨折未被發現按Colle's骨折處理,過早解除固定就有可能使無移位的舟骨骨折發生移位,甚至形成不癒合及骨壞死。一旦發生骨壞死中葯雖能取效,但療程太長而使人難以堅持;假體置入目前尚不太過關,不可輕易採取;其它手術方法也很難保證腕關節功能徹底恢復。因此,最好的辦法是勿忘檢查舟骨,做到及時發現及時治療。對兩者同時骨折的可能性缺乏認識是漏誤診的重要原因。兩者具有相同的致傷機制,同時骨折的可能性應該是能夠考慮到的,由於教科書和專著多系單獨敘述,對同時骨折的記載較少,有關的報導也少見,故而至今未能引起臨床上的注意。第一印象的誤導也是漏誤診的原因之一。Colle's骨折的臨床表現明顯大於並掩蓋了舟骨骨折的臨床表現,給人第一印象的腕部餐叉畸形,最先把人的注意力吸引並局限到Colle's骨折上,從而疏漏了對舟骨的檢查。另外X線片清晰度差或位置不標准都會給診斷帶來困難,2~3周間是最佳攝片檢查時間,其間由於骨折處骨質吸收,骨折線多能明顯認出〔2〕,疏忽了此時檢查常造成漏診。作者曾對1例可疑者在3周之內做過5次攝片,最終明確了診斷。此外,閱片欠認真細致也容易漏診。有時骨折線很難辨認,需要反復辨認或藉助放大鏡對比觀察,必要時可行CT檢查。
2.2 固定體位 對於Colle's骨折的治療普遍的做法是掌屈尺偏位固定。絕大多數腕舟骨骨折是在與Colle's骨折相同的受傷機制下形成的,所以也應該固定在掌屈尺偏位。兩種骨折同時發生,固定在掌屈尺偏位是理所當然的。臨床實踐證明採取這種體位固定效果良好並無不妥。然而教科書和不少專著卻認為舟骨骨折應固定在腕背伸30°位〔3〕,作者認為這不符合一般骨折治療的機理。倘若如此,那麼兩者同時骨折時就要一個背伸一個掌屈固定了,誠然這是行不通的。但是掌屈尺偏的度數如果過大時,容易導致成角畸形應予以注意。
2.3 固定時間 對於舟骨骨折的固定時間,教科書也好,專著也好,觀點基本上都是一致的,即強調長期固定,少則2個月,多則4個月甚至更長〔4〕。對此作者有不同認識。骨折治療應以現代醫學模式為出發點,不能把有生命的骨頭當作木頭來治療。對任何骨折來說無謂的長期固定,尤其是絕對固定都是有害無益的。腕舟骨是關節內骨更不例外。長期固定關節易造成粘連,加重缺血致骨質疏鬆,影響骨折癒合,甚至形成不癒合及骨壞死。臨床中不難見到這樣的事實,即一個位置良好的Colle's骨折經超長時間的固定後,其X線片會顯示出所有腕關節組成骨的骨質疏鬆,甚至出現低密度囊狀改變,骨間隙也變得模糊不清。如果復位不良,這種情況將會加重。若同時伴有舟骨骨折,舟骨的癒合將可想而知。因此,固定一旦達到目的即應及時減弱或解除,以利關節運動。唯有運動方能使筋血舒活,筋血舒活方能有利於骨的生長和健壯。Colle's骨折4周即有較好的連接,舟骨雖然癒合慢,但此時也已有纖維性連接,在此基礎上再進行2~3周的簡單固定就足夠了。這種簡單固定松范圍小,有利於做無損傷性的輕微活動,既保證了骨折的相對穩定性,又有利於血液循環。實踐證明其總體固定時間以不超過7~8周為宜。只是應提醒患者,在解除固定後的數月內仍不要做有損於舟骨的強力橈偏背伸活動。作者擺脫了舊框框的束縛,從骨的生理需要和臨床實踐出發,大膽地縮短了固定時間,取得了良好的效果,使功能恢復的時間大大提前,同時避免了腕舟骨壞死的發生。
2.4 壓墊的應用 有人主張鼻煙窩處放置小壓墊〔5〕,許多人也就自覺不自覺地將其視為一種必然的治法而接受之。對此作者持有不同觀點,認為使用小壓墊弊大利小不用為好。首先因鼻煙窩處血管神經豐富,又有拇指肌腱通過,如果用手指按一下一個正常人的鼻煙窩時,就會立刻感到酸麻脹痛,此處若長期放置壓墊定會影響血液運行而不利於骨折癒合。此外,對小壓墊的作用應持懷疑態度。舟骨骨折主要是腕關節處於橈偏背伸位時,橈骨的背側緣或莖突切於舟骨造成的,掌屈尺偏位致傷因素解除,骨折已經復位,只要患腕不做橈偏背伸活動舟骨就能保持穩定,故無須使用小壓墊。
2.5 醫囑問題 術後應當把注意事項詳細地告訴患者,如功能鍛煉的時間和方式、應當避免和禁止的活動等等。這對於Colle's骨折伴舟骨骨折的預後至關重要。不同患者有著不同的性格和心理因素,無所顧及地莽動和過分嬌氣地拒動都有違醫理,預後難測。只有在完整醫囑指導下盡可能取得患者的合作,才能防患於未然。 1,許競斌。實用骨科學。上海:上海衛生出版社,1958:126
2,天津醫院。臨床骨科學。北京:人民衛生出版社,1973:235
3,山東中醫學院骨科教研組,山東中醫學院附屬醫院骨科。臨床正骨學。濟南:山東科學技術出版社,1979;114
4,廣州中醫學院主編。中醫傷科學。上海:上海科學技術出版社,1981:104
5,毛賓堯,林聖洲。臨床骨科手冊。北京:人民衛生出版社,1992:236

4、我們同學骨折了,要寫作文

我們都是在父母的愛里成長的,我們是最幸福的.父母的心是最仁慈的法官,是最貼心的朋友,是愛的太陽,他們是最無私的.

有一次上學,我在操場上玩,不小心被冰塊滑倒了.我的腳一動就疼,老師給我的爸爸媽媽打了個電話.爸爸媽媽馬上就趕來了,媽媽用手擦下我的淚珠,爸爸則背起我往醫院走,他們小心翼翼的走著,生怕我摔倒了.到了醫院,醫生說骨折了,他給我打上石膏。爸爸又背我回家,天有不測風雲,就在這時又下起雪來,媽媽把他的棉衣給我披上。我們安全的回到了家。

爸爸媽媽在我危險的時候幫助我,他們多麼偉大呀!就像書上說的那句話一樣:「親情是溫暖心靈的陽光,親情是撫摩痛處的手掌,親情是深厚的愛,親情是令人永遠難忘。」長輩對我的親情難以回報,而我們就應該媽好好學習,回報他們對我們的親情。



撕裂般的疼痛把我從夢中驚醒。望望四周,我仍躺在冷清的病房裡,12歲的我本應快快樂樂地待在學校里,而骨折帶來的痛苦讓我不得不承受這一切。我忍不住哭了,淚珠一顆顆滑落下來。「孩子,怎麼了?」媽媽聽到我的哭聲,立刻從床上爬起來,走到我的面前。「沒什麼,作惡夢而已。您去睡吧,我沒事的。」為了讓母親放心一些,我只好這樣說。媽媽用那雙粗糙的手撫摸著我,哄我入睡。等我再次進入夢鄉時,才躺回自己的床上休息。。每天早上六,七點,護士就會來量體溫。媽媽只好拖著疲憊不堪的身子,在我身旁寸步不離地守護著。手術的時間到了,醫生們把我抬進了手術室。我疼得哇哇大叫,嘴裡不停地呼喊著媽媽的名字,直到打了麻醉葯以後,才慢慢失去了知覺。由於是第二次骨折了,前前後後又已經動了三次手術,虛弱的我過了一個多小時才漸漸蘇醒過來,看什麼都是模模糊糊的。唯一感覺到的就是媽媽正握著我的手。隨後,又昏了過去。。第二天早上,按慣例,護士由來查體溫,一量居然有39攝氏度。我發燒了,渾身滾燙。爸爸媽媽都十分著急,到處找消炎退燒的葯,可吃了後卻一點不見效。媽媽急忙找來了醫生,測了一下心跳。天啊!我每分鍾心跳近150下。正常人的心跳每分鍾僅有70下呀!他們立即給我輸氧,這才緩解了病情。這種擔驚受怕的日子持續了大約4天左右,我的燒總算是退了下來,可心跳仍很快,爸爸媽媽於是只好請假照顧我。就這樣,僅僅幾天,父母便蒼老了許多,皺紋也增長了不少。我心裡無比愧疚,可總是深藏在心裡,不敢說出口。到了出院的日子,我被用擔架抬回了家。為了不讓我在學習上掉隊,爸爸買了初一上冊所有科目的書,耐心地輔導我。可爸爸沒學過英語,只好請了一個老師教我。看我學得那麼認真,他也鬆了一口氣。就在那些天里,我不斷地讀呀,背呀,看呀,三個月就自學完了所有課程。但畢竟沒有老師,所以有些副科讓我很傷腦筋,但爸爸安慰我說:「誰叫你把腿摔壞了呢?不過,別擔心,初一的課程並不很難,但初二可得加油了。」我點了點頭,笑了。時間過得很快,我的傷好了,又來到了盼望已久的校園,可那段傷痛的經歷卻成為我花季歲月里最深刻的回憶。雖然,在這段回憶中有說不出的苦澀,但我仍能體會到一絲甜意:我邁出了人生的第一步,學會了面對困苦,又體會到了父母對我無比的愛!

5、西霜99 你好!我是一個不幸的髕骨骨折患者,61歲了。有幸的是看到了你的有關康復的文章,指導意義

你好,髕骨骨折一般一個半月就可以癒合恢復的,請問有沒有固定呢?需要石膏固定一個月的,葯物只是輔助作用.

6、讀了挫折是存摺,而不是骨折這篇文章後,你有什麼收獲?請結合生活實際談一談你的理解

受挫折的經歷,是財富,\是積累,是存摺。別人沒經歷過的,你經歷過了,這就是精神財富。

7、犬骨折治療畢業論文

寫論文的時候內容提要應把論文的主要觀點提示出來,便於讀者一看就能了解論文內容的要點。論文提要要求寫得簡明而又全面,不要羅哩羅嗦抓不住要點或者只是乾巴巴的幾條筋,缺乏說明觀點的材料。 內容提要可分為報道性提要和指示性提要。
報道性提要,主要介紹研究的主要方法與成果以及成果分析等,對文章內容的提示較全面。

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