1、人工关节的功能评定有哪些？
(一)人工髋关节置换术后的评定
除了一般内容的评定外，由于人工髋关节置换手术本身直接影响术后康复计划，康复治疗师还应了解手术的详细情况:①假体的位置:假体应按正常解剖位置放入标准的髋臼假体位置是前倾15°±10°，外翻40°±10°，股骨假体旋前5°~10°②手术入路对关节
稳定性的影响:全髋关节置换术(totalhipreplacement，THR)切口后入路很少出现髋关节伸展内收外旋位的不稳前入路较少引起髋关节屈曲不稳，正侧入路特别是关节囊完整者，在髋关节屈伸活动时最为稳定③临床评定:人工髋关节置换术后的效果受手术病种关节假体种类固定方式手术技术及术后康复等方面的因素影响术后评定系统是衡量手术成功与否的重要依据，通过对上述因素和术后恢复情况的评定，形成一个手术效果的结论
目前，Harris标准和Charnley标准已被大多数国家的医生所接受，成为国际会议上普遍应用的评定标准在此，我们介绍由美国Harris在1969年提出的评分法(表11-5-1)内容主要包括疼痛功能关节活动度及畸形4方面，得分90~100分为优，80~89分为良，70~79分为中，70分以下为差
表11-5-1人工全髋关节置换术Harris评分法(满分100分)
(二)人工膝关节置换术后的评定
详细了解患者原发疾病有关因素(包括病程及经过，既往治疗手段及效果诊断等)，局部膝关节情况，全身状态及并发症，精神心理智力状态，年龄性别经济能力及社会背景资料等人工膝关节置换术的效果评定有多种方案，其中HSS膝关节评分系统最为常用(表11-5-2)
根据这一评分系统，将临床疗效分成优(>85)良(70~84)中(60~69)和差(
2、什么是Mckay髋关节功能评分标准？
?
3、医学论文摘要翻译（英译汉）
Unit to discuss the purpose of the summary of the pedicle bone graft in the prevention of young and middle-aged intracapsular femoral neck fracture caused by the type of femoral head necrosis the role of a retrospective analysis of the methods of Chinese medicine hospital in Hubei Province 2001.3 ~ 2007.5 treated young and middle-aged femoral neck fracture Case of 55 cases of type capsules were used hollow nail joint stock side pedicle bone grafting and hollow nailing alone, the patients were followed up in July to 7 years, an average of 3.6 years. Comparing the two projects, including pre-operative time, surgical time, the quality of rection, fracture healing rate, the rate of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, hip function. Joint operation results of the surgery a long time, preoperative preparations for a relatively short time, a joint operation reset the quality of surgery, the rate of healing, osteonecrosis of the femoral head were significantly better than the hollow nail group, hip joint function score is better than surgery alone Operation. The conclusions of the young and middle-aged patients with intracapsular femoral neck fracture type, select the hollow nail shares plus side muscle pedicle bone grafting effect is better than simply hollow fixation group